Classroom Library Analysis Book Sorting Activity

If we want to help students explore multiple perspectives and participate in critical conversations about what they read, we must ensure access to a variety of texts that can both validate students’ identities and stretch their thinking. For many students, the classroom library is the most immediate access to texts. Therefore, our classroom libraries must be inclusive of all voices and perspectives. Consider a cursory assessment of your book collection to identify gaps and areas of overrepresentation or misrepresentation as you make book selections for your classroom library.

A book sorting activity is one way to begin that process. To get started pull a random sample of your library. We like to begin with 25 books. Sort the books into three stacks to examine gender:

Female main characters

Male main characters

Non-binary or characters whose identities are not defined

Pause and reflect: What do you notice? What surprises you? Does this identify a gap or an overrepresentation? Would this sample be representative of your entire collection?

Next, within each stack make another sort. This time, examine how the main character is portrayed.

Is the character portrayed in a stereotypical gender role (e.g. girls who love pink, fear bugs, play with dolls, etc./ boys who are rough and tumble, love the outdoors, explore nature, etc)?

Is the character portrayed in a non-stereotypical gender role (girls who dislike dresses, climb trees, like to fish, etc./ boys who prefer dolls, like sparkly things, prefer music or art, etc.)? 

Pause and reflect: What do you notice? What does this suggest for your library? Who is underrepresented?

Now, take a look at each of these stacks.

In which stacks do you find characters of color?

What percentage of boys are BIPOC?

What percentage of girls are BIPOC?

Are girls portrayed as strong, independent, self-reliant? If yes, what percentage of those girls are BIPOC?

Are boys portrayed as artistic, sensitive, caring and nurturing, in touch with their emotions? If yes, what percentage of those boys are BIPOC?

Pause and reflectWhat message does this sample of your collection send about gender representation? Does that message differ when examining the portrayal of BIPOC males or females or non-binary? What messages are being sent to readers about who is valued and honored and respected? Are there students who find no character with whom they identify? Does your collection suggest that one group is preferred or privileged? Does your collection marginalize any groups?

Now that you have sorted the books in your first sample take a look at your stacks.

Which seem to be lacking?

Where do you find overrepresentation? 

What does it suggest to you about adding to your collection?

What does it suggest that you look for as you examine the remainder of your collection?

Share what you noticed with your students, then repeat the process with a second sampling of books, but this time invite your students to join in. Get them into groups of 4 or 5 and give each group 20-25 books to sort. Make a record of their noticings and reactions using this optional handout

When you’ve worked through this second sort have each group share their findings and offer examples from each stack. Compare the findings of each group and those from your first sort. Invite students to offer insights, raise questions, and make suggestions.

Based on this information, invite your students to make predictions about what they would likely discover if they were to sort the entire classroom library. Then, if you are up for it, pull all the books into tubs in the middle of the room and invite students to do the sorts in groups. To make your findings more concrete, create a bar graph of books in stacks.

When the sorts are complete make note of what this reveals about the classroom collection. Invite students to analyze the information and make charts to show the findings. Ask your students to point out the gaps discovered in your library and launch a search of titles that could fill the gaps. Explore resources to add books and prioritize titles to be added. 

Now pause and reflect with students. Brainstorm other types of information you want to explore about your collection. Consider what sorting you will need to do in order to discover that information and try it with a small sample of 25 books. For example, you may consider sorting books by setting (urban/rural, time of year, weather, time of day, inside/outside, time period, etc.) by language patterns (colloquial, regional dialect, etc.) socioeconomic conditions, and more. Consider what these sorts may reveal to you and your students.

Undergraduate students in Katie’s class sort books.

Additional Resources:

Checklist: 8 Steps for Creating a Diverse Book Collection from Lee & Low Books

Guide for Selecting Anti-Bias Children’s Books

For recommended lists of thematic inclusive literature, check out Reading to Make a Difference: Using Literature to Help Students Speak Freely, Think Deeply, and Take Action by Lester Laminack and Katie Kelly

This One is For the Birds!

Lester’s 4-year-old granddaughter is fascinated by birds, especially owls. She can identify most any owl by sight, can identify several by their call, and can host rather engaging conversations about the habitat, diet, prey, and size of several different types. Her fascination is fed by a steady diet of books read to her by her parents. She is equally interested in fiction and nonfiction and is quick to let you know whether what you are reading is something that birds do in nature or only in stories.  One book she likes caught Lester’s attention.  A Place for Birds by Melissa Stewart features several birds revealing the impact of threats to their habitats.  Now the whole family is making conscious efforts to protect native birds and make them welcome.

Her interest led us to do a bit of exploration of our own. Did you know that the bird population in North America has been in significant decline?  The National Audubon Society reports that North America has lost more than 1 in 4 birds in the last fifty years. Researchers indicate that it isn’t just threatened species that are declining. Many of your favorite backyard birds are also.  

CBS news reported that while most bird species have seen a significant decline in population, the numbers of ducks and geese have actually increased. This fact may be attributed to the work of Ducks Unlimited which was formed over one hundred years ago by a group of waterfowl hunters concerned about declining population. Ducks Unlimited has worked to protect waterfowl by purchasing and protecting wetlands. The group has also effectively encouraged legislation and conservation easements on private land to protect the birds. 

While many species of wetland birds have benefitted from these efforts, other species of birds have suffered due to a loss of habitat. Specifically, there is a reported 53% decline among grassland birds, a 33% decline in birds that thrive in boreal forests, and a decline of 29% among birds found in western forests. In addition to a loss of habitat, the decline in bird populations has also been attributed to the use of “deadly pesticides…, feral cats…, collisions with buildings, cell phone towers, electricity generating windmills and powerlines; and of course, global warming.” (CBS News, Sept.19, 2019) https://www.cbsnews.com/video/staggering-decline-in-americas-bird-population/#x

Is there anything we can do about this situation?  Of course!  Oftentimes, children’s spark for curiosity and inquiry are ignited by the books read to them by the adults in their lives. 

We have included a list of books that can spark an interest in birds and raise awareness of the significant decline in the bird population. This collection could be used to launch an inquiry into birds, birdwatching, conservation, reclaiming habitat, providing food and shelter for native and migrating birds and more. Perhaps you’ll share the CBS news clip to spark a bit of interest and generate initial questions to launch your inquiry. 

Image result for About Birds by Cathryn Sill (Peachtree)

About Birds by Cathryn Sill (Peachtree)

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A Place for Birds by Melissa Stewart (Peachtree)

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Bird Watch by Christine Matheson (Greenwillow)

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Birds Build Nests by Yvonne Winer (Charlesbridge)

Birds

Birds by Carme Lemniscantes (Candlewick)

Bird Count

Bird Count by Susan Edwards Richmond (Peachtree)

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Warbler Wave by April Pulley Sayre with Jeff Sayre (Beach Lane Books)

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Backyard Bird Watching for Kids by George H. Harrison (Willow Creek Press)

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National Audubon Society Pocket Guide Familiar Birds of North America east

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National Geographic Backyard Guide to the Birds of North America 2nd ed. by Jonathan Alderfer and Noah Strycker

https://www.citizen-times.com/story/opinion/2021/01/23/word-smokies-park-birds-may-have-benefited-clean-air-act/6672644002/?fbclid=IwAR3HZBgPjJxwjSXmu8X5-F9k2QpNPPsGTOSEDIJMJc2LalClIUjs03sBziA

Our Favorite Books of 2019

Here’s a list of some of Lester’s and Katie’s favorite books from 2019. It was hard to choose only 10!

  1. Becoming by Michelle Obama
  2. Why Are All of the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria by Beverly Tatum
  3. Heavy by Kiese Laymon
  4. Ordinary Hazards by Nikki Grimes
  5. There Thereby Tommy Orange
  6. Where the Crawdads Sing by Delia Owens
  7. Nickel Boys by Colson Whitehead
  8. How we Fight for Our Lives by Saeed Jones

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… So we added another 10 for our favorite children’s books!

  1. Just Ask by Sonia Sotomayor
  2. Fry Bread by Kevin Maillard
  3. Front Desk by Kelly Yang (chapter book)
  4. Alma and How She Got Her Name by Juana Martinez-Neal
  5. The Wall in the Middle of the Book by Jon Agee
  6. Maybe Tomorrow? by Charlotte Agell
  7. A Boy Like You by Frank Murphy
  8. Dasher by Matt Travares
  9. 28 Days: Moments in Black History that Changed the Worldby Charles R. Smith, Jr.
  10. Truman by Jean Reidy
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Did any of these make it on your list of favorite reads this year?  If you have read any of the books on this list we’d love to hear your thoughts. And let us know what is on your “To Read” list for 2020.
Happy reading! — Katie and Lester
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Vote! Your Voice Matters.

Election Day is held the first Tuesday in November. Although this day was first observed in 1845, several groups remained excluded and were not given the right to vote until many years later. It took 75 years before women were granted the right to vote and one hundred and twenty years for the Voting Rights Act to be signed into law giving African Americans the right to vote.

Tuesday November 6, 2018 is the date for midterm elections in the United States.  Voter turnout has historically been low in the midterm elections. According to areport from NPR, (On the Sidelines of Democracy: Exploring Why So Many Americans Don’t Vote) only six out of ten voters cast their ballots in 2016. Many believe their voices do not matter. Although many Americans remain apathetic about voting, we must not forget the obstacles others before us had to overcome for the right to vote.

We’ve selected a few books to help remind us and our students of the tremendous privilege it is to vote. In addition, these titles can introduce your students to the history of voting and concepts such as the electoral process.
We invite you to share some of your favorite books and resources about voting.  We will compile a list on the blog. Email us at katie.kelly@furman.edu orlesterlaminack@gmail.com.  Or leave your thoughts and additions in the comments box.

Voting Rights

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Photo taken at Women’s Rights National Historical Park, Seneca Falls, NY

Vote! Your Voice Matters.

Election Day is held the first Tuesday in November. Although this day was first observed in 1845, several groups remained excluded and were not given the right to vote until many years later. It took 75 years before women were granted the right to vote and one hundred and twenty years for the Voting Rights Act to be signed into law giving African Americans the right to vote.

Tuesday November 6, 2018 is the date for midterm elections in the United States.  Voter turnout has historically been low in the midterm elections. According to areport from NPR, (On the Sidelines of Democracy: Exploring Why So Many Americans Don’t Vote) only six out of ten voters cast their ballots in 2016. Many believe their voices do not matter. Although many Americans remain apathetic about voting, we must not forget the obstacles others before us had to overcome for the right to vote.

We’ve selected a few books to help remind us and our students of the tremendous privilege it is to vote. In addition, these titles can introduce your students to the history of voting and concepts such as the electoral process.

We invite you to share some of your favorite books and resources about voting.  We will compile a list on the blog. Email us at katie.kelly@furman.edu orlesterlaminack@gmail.com  or leave your thoughts and additions in the comments box.

Duck-for-President
Duck for President

Author: Doreen Cronin
Illustrator: Betsy Lewin

Life is hard on Farmer Brown’s farm. Duck did not like to do chores and questions why Farmer Brown is in charge. He decides to campaign to replace Farmer Brown. The animals registered to vote and cast their ballots resulting in a win for Duck. Duck soon realized that running a farm was hard work so he sets out to run for governor and won. However, he soon learned running a state was hard work. So Duck successfully ran for president. Yet, he quickly learned that being president was also hard work. He returned to the farm to write his autobiography. This text follows a predictable pattern and highlights the importance of conveying meaning in print as the animals who cannot communicate verbally beyond animal sounds rely on reading the signs to empower them to vote.

Grace-for-President
Grace for President

Author: Kelly DiPucchio
Illustrator: LeUyen Pham

When Grace learns that the United States has not yet had a female president, she is inspired to become the first female president. Her teacher suggests an election at the school. Grace campaigns against Thomas, a fellow classmate. They each make compelling speeches and promises to their peers in an attempt to win votes. The election is a nail-biter and teaches the reader about the electoral college through the story. The author’s note in the back of the book provides additional helpful information about the electoral system.

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Marching with Aunt Susan: Susan B. Anthony and the Fight for Women’s Suffrage

Author: Claire Rudolf Murphy
Illustrator: Stacey Schuett

Bessie who is not allowed to go with her father and brothers on a hike because it is too strenuous for girls soon learns that there are many things girls are not allow to do in the late 1800’s.  Bessie’s aunt, Mary McHenry Keith, introduces her to Susan B. Anthony and invites her to attend a rally in San Francisco for women’s rights. Inspired by the rally Bessie joins her mother and aunt in a march led by Susan B. Anthony.  Though the 1896 campaign did not result in the right for women to vote Bessie and her family were undaunted and continued their efforts. The author’s note reveals this story is based on a real girl named Bessie Keith Pond. In addition there is a profile of Susan B. Anthony, a timeline of progress toward women’s right to vote from 1787 through 1920 when the 19th Amendment was ratified. The book also includes a list of further resources for young readers.

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Around America to Win the Vote: Two Suffragists, a Kitten, and 10,000 Miles

Author: Mara Rockliff
Illustrator: Hadley Hooper

In April 1916, Nell Richardson and Alice Burke set off in a little yellow car to drive around America.  Their journey took them “ten thousand bumpy, muddy, unmapped miles–facing danger and adventure all alone…” Their mission was to rally for women’s rights. Their rallying cry, “Votes for women!” was heard across the country.  In September, 1916, the two women returned to New York City. They traveled through a blizzard, mud and flooded creeks, across the desert, through small towns and cities to inspire support for women’s rights. There are three pages of detailed background on the time period, the newness of the automobile and the fascination generated by the little yellow car, and the long struggle to win the right for women to vote in America.  There is also a list of resources for further reading.

gogo
The Day Gogo Went to Vote

Author: Elinor Batezat Sisulu
Illustrator: Sharon Wilson

Thembi stays with her one-hundred-year-old Gogo (grandmother) after school until her parents are able to leave work.  Although Gogo is very old and rarely leaves the house anymore she has vowed to go to the polls to vote in the April 1994 election.  Thembi asks her Gogo why it is so important and Gogo explains, “Thembi, black people in South Africa have fought for many years for the right to vote?  This is the first time we have had a chance to vote for our own leaders, and it might be my last…” Finally arrangements are made to get Gogo to the polls and she casts her ballot in the election that seated Nelson Mandela as president of the country.

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Papa’s Mark

Author: Gwendolyn Battle-Lavert
Illustrator: Colin Bootman

Young Simms and his family live in Lamar County and the upcoming election will be the first one African-Americans have been allowed to vote.  Each week Papa makes his mark, an X, at the general store when he and Simms pick up their order. Simms wishes his father could sign his name rather than making his mark on documents.  Papa sits at the table by candlelight and tries to write his name, “This writing looks like chicken scratch…When I vote…I’m going to write my name to get my ballot.” Before leaving for school the next morning Simms writes his Papa’s name on a piece of paper and leaves it on the table.  Papa tries and finally asks for Simms help. Slowly Papa learns to make the letters in his name. On the morning of voting day Papa and a wagon load of men from the community ride into town and Papa proudly signed his name to receive his first ballot.

LIllian's Right to Vote
Lillian’s Right to Vote

Author: Jonah Winter
Illustrator: Shane W. Evans

Lillian walks uphill towards a voting booth. She recalls relatives being sold on the auction block. As she progresses in her walk, Lillian recounts how her great-grandpa was unable to vote because of a poll tax and her Uncle Levi was turned away from voting after being asked such ridiculous questions as “How many bubbles are in a bar of soap?”  After the 19th Amendment is passed, Lillian remembers being chased away by an angry mob after her mother attempts to vote. She details the marches, the beatings, and the tenacity of those who fought for her right to vote. She votes. She has to. It is her right, her duty, her honor as an American.

*Many of these texts including Lillian’s Right to Vote could be used through high school as a catalyst for discussion on the Voting Rights Act of 1965, voter ID laws, and the 13th, 15th, and 19th Amendments.

Suggested Follow-up Activities for this Collection

    • Brainstorm reasons why people should vote. Then work in groups to create posters, public service announcements, speeches, etc. to encourage registered voters to get out and vote.
    • Research the Voter ID Laws.  Are these “laws” legal? Why or why not?  Encourage students to write opinion pieces and engage in debate.
    • Why do we vote in America? Is it important? Interview up to three people (family members, community members, friends) to ask why it is important that we vote and whether or not they plan to vote in the midterm election and why.
  • Create a poster, timeline, or infographic detailing the Amendments that led up to our rights to vote.  Why is it important (or not) that we vote today? (see the Timeline tool from Read Write Think)

Additional Resources